Comunidades profesionales de aprendizaje en educación parvularia en Chile
Palabras clave:
Profesión Docente, Educación Preescolar, Formación Continua, CooperaciónResumen
Una alternativa de desarrollo profesional docente son las comunidades profesionales de aprendizaje (CPA), espacio formativo altamente valorizado y respaldado por creciente evidencia. Un ámbito escasamente abordado son los factores contextuales e institucionales asociados a las CPA. Para indagar en ellos se analizaron dos CPA compuestas por educadoras de párvulos. Mediante un estudio de caso, se entrevistaron, grupal e individualmente, educadoras y representantes institucionales. Los hallazgos destacan la gestión, coordinación de procesos, visión y planeamiento estratégico como aspectos relevantes, junto a procesos reflexivos que acompañan la evolución de las CPA. Se discuten las convergencias y divergencias de ambos casos, así como las implicancias teóricas y prácticas.
Professional learning communities in early childhood in Chile
An alternative for teacher professional development is Professional Learning Communities (PLC), a space highly valued and supported by evidence. An area rarely addressed are the contextual and institutional factors associated with PLCs. In order to investigate them, two PLCs composed of early childhood teachers were analyzed. Through a case study, teachers and institutional representatives were interviewed, as a group and individually. The findings highlight management, process coordination, vision and strategic planning as relevant aspects, along with reflective processes that accompany the evolution of PLCs. The convergences and divergences of both cases are discussed, as well as the theoretical and practical implications.
Teaching Profession, Preschool Education, Continuing Education, Cooperation
Comunidades profissionais de aprendizagem em educação pré-escolar no Chile
Uma alternativa de desenvolvimento docente são as comunidades profissionais de aprendizagem (CPA), espaço de formação altamente valorizado e respaldado por crescente evidência. Um âmbito pouco abordado são os fatores contextuais e institucionais associados às CPA. Para conhecê-los melhor foram analisadas duas CPA compostas por educadoras de pré-escolares. Por meio de um estudo de caso foram entrevistados, em grupo e individualmente, educadoras e representantes de instituições. Os achados destacam a gestão, coordenação de processos, visão e planejamento estratégico como aspectos relevantes, além dos processos de reflexão que acompanham a evolução das CPA. São discutidas as convergências e as divergências de ambos os casos, bem como as implicações teóricas y práticas.
Profissão Docente, Educação Pré-Escolar, Formação Continuada, Cooperação
Communautes d’apprentissage professionnel en education prescolaire au Chili
Communautés d’apprentissage professionnel (CAP) sont une alternative pour le développement professionnel des enseignants; un espace de formation très apprécié et attesté par un nombre croissant d’indices. Les facteurs contextuels et institutionnels associés aux CAP sont rarement abordés. Afin de mieux les connaître, deux CAP d’enseignants de maternelle ont été analysés. Grâce à une étude de cas, des éducateurs et des gestionnaires ont été interrogés, en groupe et individuellement. Les résultats mettent en évidence la pertinence de la gestion, de la coordination des procédés, de la vision et de la planification stratégique outre celle des processus de réflexion qui accompagnent l’évolution des CAP. Les convergences et divergences des deux cas sont discutées, ainsi que les implications théoriques et pratiques.
Profession d’Enseignant, Education Prescolaire, Formation Continue, Cooperation
Descargas
Citas
ANDRÉU, Jaime; GARCÍA-NIETO, Antonio; PÉREZ, Ana María. Evolución de la teoría fundamentada como técnica de análisis cualitativo. Madrid: Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas, 2007.
ARONSON, Jodi. A pragmatic view of thematic analysis. The Qualitative Report, v. 2, n. 1, p. 1-3, Spring 1995.
ÁVALOS, Beatrice. El desarrollo profesional continuo de los docentes: lo que nos dice la experiencia internacional y de la región latinoamericana. Revista Pensamiento Educativo, Santiago, v. 41, n. 2, p. 77-99, 2007.
BARRERA, Fabián; CALVO, Cecilia; CORTÉS, Carmen; HIDALGO, Javier; NOVOA, Ximena; VENEGAS, Pablo. Comunidades de aprendizaje de educadoras en Fundación Integra: una estrategia de innovación curricular y desarrollo profesional docente en educación parvularia. Paulo Freire: Revista de Pedagogía Crítica, Santiago, v. 7, n. 6, p. 171-192, 2008.
BATES, Celeste; MORGAN, Denise. Seven elements of effective professional development. Reading Teacher, Texas, v. 71, n. 5, p. 623-626, 2018.
BOLAM, Ray; MCMAHON, Agnes; STOLL, Louise; THOMAS, Sally; WALLACE, Mike; GREENWOOD, Angela; HAWKEY, Kate; INGRAM, Malcolm; ATKINSON, Adele; SMITH, Michele. Creating and sustaining effective professional learning communities. Bristol: University of Bristol, 2005. ISBN 1844784606. Disponible en: https://dera.ioe.ac.uk/5622/1/RR637.pdf. Acceso el: 20 ago. 2019. BOLÍVAR, Antonio; BOLÍVAR, María Rosel. Construir la capacidad de mejora escolar: liderazgo distribuido en una comunidad profesional de aprendizaje. Educ@rnos, Guadalajara, v. 10, p. 11-34, 2013. BOLÍVAR, María Rosel. La escuela como una comunidad de aprendizaje. 2012. Tesis (Doctorado en Educación) – Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Granada, Granada, 2012. BORGES, Ramón. El estudio de casos como instrumento pedagógico y de investigación en políticas públicas. Santiago: Universidad de Chile, 1995. Disponible en: http://www.mgpp.cl/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/CASO04.pdf. Acceso el: 18 ago. 2019.
BORKO, Hilda. Professional development and teacher learning: mapping the terrain. Educational Researcher, Chicago, v. 33, n. 3, p. 3-15, Nov. 2004.
BOURGEOIS, Etienne; NIZET, Jan. Aprentissage et formation des adultes. París: PUF, 1997.
BRONFENBRENNER, Urie. Ecological systems theory. Londres: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 1992.
BUYSSE, Virginia; SPARKMAN, Karen; WESLEY, Patricia. Communities of practice: connecting what we know with what we do. Council for Exceptional Children, Virginia, v. 69, n. 3, p. 263-277, Apr. 2003.
CHENG, Xiao; WU, Li-ying. The affordances of teacher professional learning communities: A case study of a Chinese secondary school. Teaching and Teacher Education, New York, v. 58, p. 54-67, Aug. 2016.
CHERRINGTON, Sue; THORNTON, Kate. The nature of professional learning communities in New Zealand early childhood education: an exploratory study. Professional Development in Education, Londres, v. 41, n. 2, p. 310-328, Mar. 2015.
COCHRAN-SMITH; Marylin; VILLEGAS, Ana; ABRAMS, Linda; CHAVEZ-MORENO, Laura; MILLS, Tammy; STERN, Rebeca. Critiquing teacher preparation research: an overview of the field, Part II. Journal of Teacher Education, Michigan, v. 66, n. 2, p. 109-121, May 2015.
D’ARDENNE, Charna; BARNES, Debra; HIGHTOWER, Elaine; LAMASON, Pamela; MASON, Mary; PATTERSON, Paula; ERICKSON, Karen A. PLCs in action: Innovative teaching for struggling grade 3-5 readers. The Reading Teacher, Texas, v. 67, n. 2, p. 143-15, Sept. 2013.
DESIMONE, Laura M. Improving impact studies of teachers’ professional development: toward better conceptualizations and measures. Educational Researcher, Florida, v. 38, n. 3, p. 181-199, Apr. 2009.
EASTHOPE, Chris; EASTHOPE, Gary. Intensification, extension and complexity of teachers’ workload. British Journal of Sociology of Education, Londres, v. 21, n. 1, p. 43-58, June 2000.
FARLEY-RIPPLE, Elizabeth; BUTTRAM, Joan. Developing collaborative data use through professional learning communities: early lessons from Delaware. Studies in Educational Evaluation, Amsterdam, v. 42, p. 41-53, Oct. 2014.
GORMAN, Gary; CLAYTON, Peter. Qualitative research for the information professional: a practical handbook. Londres: Library Association Publishing, 2005.
GRAY, Julie; KRUSE, Sharon; TARTER, John. Enabling school structures, collegial trust and academic emphasis: antecedents of professional learning communities. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, Londres, v. 44, n. 6, p. 875-891, Nov. 2015.
GROSSMAN, Pamela; WINEBURG, Samuel; WOOLWORTH, Stephen. Toward a theory of teacher community. The Teachers College Record, New York, v. 103, n. 6, p. 942-1012, Sept. 2001.
HAIRON, Salleh; TAN, Charlene. Professional learning communities in Singapore and Shanghai: implications for teacher collaboration. Compare, Londres, v. 47, n. 1, p. 91-104, Mar. 2017.
HALLAM, Pamela; SMITH, Henry; HITE, Julie; HITE, Steven; WILCOX, Bradley. Trust and collaboration in PLC teams: teacher relationships, principal support, and collaborative benefits. NASSP Bulletin, Nevada, v. 99, n. 3, p. 193-216, Sept. 2015.
HARGREAVES, Andy. Profesorado, cultura y postmodernidad: cambian los tiempos, cambia el profesorado. Madrid: Morata, 1996.
HERNÁNDEZ, Roberto; FERNÁNDEZ, Carlos; BAPTISTA, Pilar. Metodología de la investigación. Ciudad de México: McGraw-Hill, 2014.
HIPP, Kristine; HUFFMAN, Jane. Demystifying professional learning communities: school leadership at its best. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Education, 2010.
HORD, Shirley. Professional learning communities: communities of continuous inquiry and improvement. Washington DC: SEDL, 1997.
INTANAM, Narongrith; WONGWANICH, Suwimon. An application of the professional learning community approach to develop the learning process and improve academic performance in elementary school student’s mathematics and science education. Procedia: Social and Behavioral Sciences, Amsterdam, v. 131, p. 476-483, Nov. 2014.
KRICHESKY, Graciela; MURILLO, Javier. Las comunidades profesionales de aprendizaje: una estrategia de mejora para una nueva concepción de escuela. REICE: Revista Electrónica Iberoamericana sobre Calidad, Eficacia y Cambio en Educación, Madrid, v. 9, n. 1, p. 65-83, Dic. 2011.
KRUEGER, Richard. El grupo de discusión: guía práctica para la investigación aplicada. Madrid: Pirámide, 1991.
KRUSE, Sharon, SEASHORE Karen; BRYK, Anthony. An emerging framework for analyzing school-based professional community. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH ASSOCIATION, April 1993. Atlanta, p. 2-31.
LIEBERMAN, Ann; MILLER, Lynne. Teacher leadership. San Francisco: Wiley & Sons, 2011.
LORTIE, Dan. Schoolteacher: a sociological study. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1975.
MILES, Matthew; HUBERMAN, Michael. Qualitative data analysis: an expanded sourcebook. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1984.
MUÑOZ, Eva; FERNÁNDEZ, Antonio; JACOTT, Liliana. Bienestar subjetivo y satisfacción vital del profesorado. REICE: Revista Iberoamericana sobre Calidad, Eficacia y Cambio en Educación, Madrid, v. 16, n. 1, 105-117, enero 2018.
NATIONAL COLLEGE FOR SCHOOL LEADERSHIP. Leadership development. Nottingham, NCSL, 2005. Disponible en: http://www.ncsl.org.uk. Acceso el: 2 ago. 2019
PARDO, Marcela; WOODROW, Christine. Improving the quality of early childhood education in chile: tensions between public policy and teacher discourses over the schoolarisation of early childhood education. International Journal of Early Childhood, Dordrecht, v. 46 n. 1, p. 101-115, Apr. 2014.
PHILPOTT, Carey; OATES, Catriona. Professional learning communities as drivers of educational change: the case of learning rounds. Journal of Educational Change, Dordrecht, v. 18 n. 2, p. 209–234, June 2017.
RODRÍGUEZ, Gregorio; GIL, Javier; GARCÍA, Eduardo. Métodos de investigación cualitativa. Málaga: Aljibe, 1996.
RODRÍGUEZ-GÓMEZ, David; GAIRÍN SALLÁN, Joaquín. Innovación, aprendizaje organizativo y gestión del conocimiento en las instituciones educativas. Educación, Lima, v. 24, n. 46, p. 73-90, marzo 2015.
SCHECHTER, Chen. The professional learning community as perceived by Israeli school superintendents, principals and teachers. International Review of Education, La Haya, v. 58, n. 6, p. 717-734, Dec. 2012.
SMITH, Henry. Development of trust and collaboration between teachers in PLC teams: the roles of teachers, principals and different facets of trust. Tese (PhD Program) – Faculty of Education, Brigham Young University, Utah, 2014.
STAKE, Robert. Investigación con estudio de casos. Madrid: Morata, 2005.
STRAUSS, Anselm; CORBIN, Juliet. Basics of qualitative research: grounded theory procedures and techniques. Newbury Park: Sage, 1990.
TAYLOR, Steaven; BOGDAN, Robert. Introducción a los métodos de investigación. Buenos Aires: Paidós, 1986.
THORNTON, Kate; CHERRINGTON, Sue. Professional learning communities in early childhood education: a vehicle for professional growth. Professional Development in Education, Londres, v. 45, n. 3, 418-432, Oct. 2019.
TSCHANNEN-MORAN, Megan; HOY, W. Anita. A multidisciplinary analysis of the nature, meaning, and measurement of trust. Review of educational research, Pennsylvania, v. 70, n. 4, p. 547-593, Oct. 2000.
TSUI, Amy; EDWARDS, Gwyn; LOPEZ-REAL, Fran; KWAN, Tammy: LAW, Doris; STIMPSON, Philip; WONG, Albert. Learning in school-university partnership: sociocultural perspectives. New York: Routledge, 2008.
VANGRIEKEN, Katrien; MEREDITH, Chloe; PACKER, Tlalit; KYNDT, Eva. Teacher communities as a context for professional development: a systematic review. Teaching and Teacher Education, New York, v. 61, p. 47–59, Jan. 2017.
VESCIO, Vicky; ROSS, Dorene; ADAMS, Alyson. A review of research on the impact of professional learning communities on teaching practice and student learning. Teaching and Teacher Education, New York, v. 24, n. 1, p. 80-91, Jan. 2008.
VENEGAS, Pablo; CAMPOS, Javier; CORTÉS, Carmen Gloria; NOVOA, Ximena. Comunidades de aprendizaje: una estrategia de participación y desarrollo profesional docente en Chile. Buenos Aires: Foro Latinoamericano de Políticas Educativas, 2010.
WAN, Sally; LAW, Edmund; CHAN, Kaith. Teachers’ perception of distributed leadership in Hong Kong primary schools. School Leadership and Management, Abingdon, v. 38, n. 1, p. 102-141, Sep. 2018.
YIN, Robert. Case study research: design and methods. California: Sage. 2003.
ZHANG, Jia; YUAN, Rui; YU, Shulin. What impedes the development of professional learning communities in China? Perceptions from leaders and frontline teachers in three schools in Shangai. Educational Management Administration and Leadership, Londres, v. 45, n. 2, p. 219-237, Mar. 2017.
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2020 Cadernos de Pesquisa

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
Los autores que publican en esta revista concuerdan con los siguientes términos:
a. Los autores mantienen los derechos de autor y conceden a la revista el derecho de primera publicación, con el trabajo licenciado, simultáneamente, bajo la Licencia Creative Commons Attribution que permite compartir el trabajo con reconocimiento de la autoría y publicación inicial en esta revista.
b. Los autores tienen autorización para asumir, separadamente, contratos adicionales, para distribución no exclusiva de la versión del trabajo publicada en esta revista (ej.: publicar en repositorio institucional o como capítulo de libro), con reconocimiento de la autoría y publicación inicial en esta revista.
c. Los autores tienen autorización y son estimulados para publicar y distribuir sus trabajos on-line (ej.: en repositorios institucionales o en su respectiva página personal en la Internet) en cualquier fecha antes o durante el proceso editorial, ya que esto puede generar modificaciones productivas, así como aumentar el impacto y las citas del trabajo publicado (Véase: El Efecto del Acceso Libre).